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    Governance, constitution and law

    A perusal of Elections Law No. 9 of 2020 issued by the Council of Representatives of Iraq

    The draft law on elections to the Council of Representatives was approved by the Council of Ministers on the date of the 12th November 2019 and submitted to the Council of Representatives. Another project had been prepared by the Presidency of the Republic but had been neglected after the...

    Deactivated constitutional entitlements: Federal Council, Vice-President, and Provincial Councils

    It is well known that authorities in democratic States are administered by persons subject to constitutional and legal rules that prevail over rulers in the exercise of those powers and cannot be disrupted under any justification, especially if they relate to the existence of institutions that are the pillars...

    Iraq in Fragile States Index 2021

    The Fragile States Index (FSI) is an annual classification of 178 States based on the various pressures they face affecting their levels of vulnerability and relies on the analytical approach of the Conflict Assessment System tool. The Peace Fund's (CAST), based on the comprehensive social science methodology, identifies three...

    Manipulation methods and means of fraud threaten early elections

    The upcoming legislative elections, scheduled to take place on 10th October 2021, are the most mysterious electoral experiment since the first elections in early 2005, for several reasons relating to its new law, which has never been applied in Iraq, the conditions for the formation of the Independent High...

    Iraq in the World Freedom Index 2021

    Since 1973, Freedom House has evaluated the state of political and civil rights worldwide, and its Global Freedoms Index is regularly used by policymakers, journalists, academics, activists, and many others. Freedom House classifies people's access to political rights and civil liberties in 210 States and territories through its annual Freedom...

    Sustainable development and the requirements of the rule of law

    The Arab States are undergoing a fundamental phase of transformation not only at the political, political systems, and constitutional levels but also at the community and social levels, as well as at the institutional and legal levels. Wars and conflicts, whether internal or civil or external aggression and international wars...

    Early elections: Challenges of transition to multi-constituency

    The upcoming legislative elections, which are expected to take place on 10 October 2021, are the most difficult to expect because they will be held under a new electoral law that divides the provinces into multiple constituencies that have never been applied in Iraq, It is also very important...

    October election… What if it runs on incomplete terms?

    The government is working with determination to hold elections by the deadline of 10 October 2021, as a basic commitment, and the President of the Republic publicly supports this trend through multiple statements, and some political forces have already started campaigning. The question now is, what if the elections are...

    Reading in the Environmental Protection and Improvement Act No. 27 of 2009

    The establishment of protected areas is a global approach that supports nature conservation and is found in all countries of the world inland and marine areas. Conservation of nature is essential for the future of humanity by ensuring the continued existence of biodiversity that supports human life. Well-managed and...

    The potential of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to revive Iraq

    The economic challenges facing Iraq have accumulated in recent years, leading to an economic crisis that has left Iraq in need of cash liquidity other than those provided by oil sales, especially in the face of unstable oil prices, the search for non-oil liquidity leads to the opening of...