Omar Sameer
The railway link between Turkey and Iraq was one of the ambitious projects since the era of Sultan Abdülhamid II, whose reign was the last reform attempt of the Ottoman state, including his inauguration of the Baghdad railway...
Hassan Hadi Al-Assadi
Eighteen years have passed since 2003 on Iraq, which was characterized by administrative and financial corruption, a decline in services at all levels, a near-complete collapse of its infrastructure, bloodsheds, and the lives that were lost under...
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is one of the three organizations of the United Nations specialized in the economic and trade fields, which is considered to be one of the major players on the global scene, as it replaced...
Dr. Riam Ali Hussein
Uncertainty plays a major role in the instability of oil prices, especially when crises occur in the oil supply areas. Which increases the imbalance conditions between supply and demand for oil. With the emergence of ISIS...
Haider Abdel-Murshed
It is not news to talk about what Iraq is suffering from a crisis in providing job opportunities, in light of a market that is entered annually by about 600,000 people in Iraq, with the stagnation of the...
Ali Najat
The painful experiences of wars and conflicts during the past decade prompted the actors in the Middle East to reduce tensions and neutralize crises as much as possible, and to find a formula for dialogue. After a decade...
Emad Al-Sheikh Dawood - Hashem Emad Abdel-Karim
During the pre-World War I era, trains transported goods from Cairo to Jerusalem and from Damascus to Medina to transport pilgrims between Constantinople (the former capital of the Ottoman Empire) and Hejaz in...
Ahmed Kudhaer Hussain
The social view of working women varies according to the nature of regional, cultural and civil differences, as well as according to the nature of the changes that have affected the social structure in Iraq over recent...
Eng. Mahmoud Anbir - Eng. Rashad Kamil
The policy development stage is one of the most important and most dangerous stages in achieving digital transformation, because policy development must include a local approach related to the economic, social, and legislative...
Salam Jabbar Shehab
Economic diversification entails measures to reduce dependence on a single source of income (currently), which is through these new revenue channels, as well as creating new channels; To generate other economic outputs, so the basic idea behind...
