Policy & Research Papers

Omar Samir - Egyptian researcher/student at Istanbul University's Ph.D. program Introduction: The Gulf-Russian summit held in Moscow on July 10, 2023, comes within the context of numerous Gulf international summits and the framework of international competition to support the Gulf oil...
Ahmed Jassim Al-Yasiri/Faculty of Administration and Economics - University of Kufa Summary Iraq imports electricity and gas from Iran, which totals between a third and (40%) of its energy supply, particularly in the hot summer months when temperatures reach 50 degrees...
Khudair Abbas Al-Dahlaki - PhD Program - Al-Nahrin University. introduction First of all, it must be confirmed. that dealing with this issue is based on national motivations and a sense of responsibility in criticizing the mechanisms of party action in Iraq....
Ali Najat - writer and academic researcher, specializing in Middle East affairs Introduction Iran-Egypt relations have experienced many complications and fluctuations over the past decades, with patterns ranging from cooperation, competition, and conflict, sometimes to the point of complete diplomatic estrangement...
Ali Saadi Abdul Zahra - University of Al-Nahrain - College of Law Introduction: Since the beginning of the Sudanese crisis, there have been various regional and international initiatives to resolve the issue. However, most of these initiatives have failed to achieve...
Khaled Hashem - researcher Introduction: Since US President Joe Biden came to power at the White House on 20/1/2021, the case for defining his foreign policy principle has not been interrupted. Some viewed his policy as an extension of that of...
Abdelaziz Aliwi Al-Issawi - researcher Introduction: Some countries have adopted postal voting as a means to increase voter participation, overcome obstacles faced on election day, and boost voter turnout. Among these countries are the United States, a well-established democracy, as...
Mustafa AlDarraji - researcher China's interest in the Middle East is recent compared to the major powers, with the first Chinese diplomatic relations with the Middle East dating back to the late 19th century, although there have been historical trade...
Bakr Khader Jassim al-Subaihi - researcher According to official statistics of the Supreme Council of the Judiciary, the number of persons arrested in 2021 was 11,789, of whom 328 were under age. Baghdad governorate came to the fore where (1933)...
Saif Diaa Dair - graduate student in the Ph.D. program at Al-Nahrin University Imad Salah Sheikh Daoud - Professor of Public Policy and Sustainable Development at Al-Nahrin University introduction: The problem of pollution and waste has aroused human interest since the very...

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